Which drugs or supplements interact with piroxicam?

Piroxicam may increase the blood levels of lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid) by reducing the excretion of lithium by the kidneys. Increased levels of lithium may lead to lithium toxicity.

Piroxicam may reduce the blood pressure lowering effects of blood pressure medications. This may occur because prostaglandins play a role in the regulation (reduction) of blood pressure.

Combining NSAIDs such as piroxicam with angiotensin receptor blockers (for example, valsartan [Diovan], losartan [Cozaar], irbesartan [Avapro]) or angiotensin converting enzyme ACE) inhibitors (for example, enalapril [Vasotec], captopril [Capoten]) in patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or with poor kidney function may result in reduced kidney function, including kidney failure. These effects usually are reversible.

When piroxicam is used in combination with methotrexate (Rheumatrex, Trexall) or aminoglycoside antibiotics (for example, gentamicin) the blood levels of methotrexate or aminoglycoside may increase, presumably because the elimination of methotrexate or aminoglycosides from the body is reduced. This may lead to more methotrexate- or aminoglycoside- related side effects.

Individuals taking oral blood thinners or anticoagulants, for example, warfarin, (Coumadin), should avoid piroxicam because piroxicam also thins the blood, and excessive blood thinning may lead to bleeding.

Alcohol consumption may increase the risk of developing stomach ulcers when taking piroxicam or other NSAIDs.